Sisitemu zo kubuza inkongi z'umuriro zagenewe kuvumbura ahari umuriro, umwotsi, cyangwa gazi yangiza hafi aho no kuburira abantu hakoreshejwe ibikoresho by'amajwi n'amashusho ku mpamvu zo kuva mu nyubako. Izi mpungi zishobora kwikora mu buryo bwikora bivuye ku byuma bipima ubushyuhe n'umwotsi kandi zishobora no gukoreshwa n'intoki hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byo kubuza inkongi z'umuriro nka sitasiyo zo gukurura cyangwa hakoreshejwe indangururamajwi zivuza impungi. Gushyira imbungi z'umuriro ni itegeko mu nzego zitandukanye z'ubucuruzi, iz'imiturire, n'inganda nk'igice cy'amabwiriza y'umutekano mu bihugu byinshi.
Kugira ngo hubahirizwe amabwiriza nka BS-fire 2013, imbunda zitanga amakuru ku nkongi z'umuriro zigeragezwa buri cyumweru ahantu zishyirwa mu Bwongereza. Bityo, muri rusange, icyifuzo cy'ibikoresho bitanga amakuru ku nkongi z'umuriro kiracyari kinini ku isi yose. Mu myaka mike ishize, isoko ry'ibikoresho bitanga amakuru ku nkongi z'umuriro ryagaragaje iterambere rinini mu bijyanye n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga. Umubare w'ibigo biri ku isoko ukomeje kwiyongera mu gushyira imbaraga mu iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga. Mu gihe cya vuba aha, uko amategeko agenga umutekano w'inkongi y'umuriro agenda akomera mu bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere, icyifuzo cy'ibikoresho bitanga amakuru ku nkongi z'umuriro gishobora kwiyongera, ibyo bikaba byitezwe ko bizamura isoko ry'ibikoresho bitanga amakuru ku nkongi z'umuriro ku isi.
Raporo y’ubushakashatsi yuzuye yakozwe na Fact.MR ikubiyemo ibitekerezo by’ingenzi ku isoko ry’isi ry’ibikoresho byo kuvura inkongi z’umuriro kandi itanga amakuru y’ingenzi ajyanye n’iterambere ryaryo mu gihe cy’umwaka wa 2018 kugeza 2027. Ibitekerezo bitangwa muri raporo y’ubushakashatsi bigaragaza impungenge zikomeye z’inganda zikomeye, n’ingaruka z’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ku ikenerwa ry’ibikoresho byo kuvura inkongi z’umuriro. Bitewe n’uko isoko rihagaze ubu n’uko imiterere yaryo ihagaze, iyi raporo itanga isesengura ry’ukuri ku isoko ry’ibikoresho byo kuvura inkongi z’umuriro.
Raporo y’ubushakashatsi yuzuye ikora nk’inyandiko y’ingirakamaro ku bakinnyi bakomeye ku isoko bakorera ku isoko ry’ibikoresho byo kuvura inkongi ku isi. Ibikoresho byo kuvura inkongi bihujwe n’ikoranabuhanga rya ionization bimaze imyaka myinshi bikunzwe kandi byitezwe ko bizatangira gukoreshwa mu gihe cy’isuzuma. Uko ibikoresho byo kuvura inkongi bigenda bitera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, amasosiyete akomeye mu nganda arimo gushaka uburyo bwiza bwo kumenya inkongi bujyanye n’ibidukikije n’aho bakorera. Kugira ngo habeho ibisabwa bitandukanye ku bakoresha ibikoresho byose mu nganda, inganda zikomeye ziri kwibanda ku guteza imbere uburyo bushya bwo kuvura inkongi nk’ibikoresho byo kuvura inkongi.
Iterambere ryihuse mu ikoranabuhanga ryatumye igitekerezo cyo kumenya inkongi kirenga uburyo bwo kurokora ubuzima. Ibigo bikomeye nka Kidde KN-COSM-BA na First Alert birimo gukoresha uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru ku nkongi bufite ikoranabuhanga ry’amatara n’ikoranabuhanga ryo kubona amakuru abiri kugira ngo abakozi bagire umutekano n’imicungire y’ububiko. Uko iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rivugurura ibisabwa mu nganda, ibi bigo biri kwibanda ku guteza imbere uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru ku nkongi bushingiye ku nkongi zikoreshwa mu buryo bwa nyuma n’imiterere y’akazi mu nganda zikoresha ibikoresho byinshi nka sisitemu z’umutekano zigezweho.
Kubera ko hari ubusabe butandukanye mu nganda zitandukanye, hari amahirwe menshi yo gukura mu iterambere ry’uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru ku bakinnyi b’ingenzi ku isoko. Kugira ngo habeho umutekano uhagije n’ibisabwa ku bakiriya ku nganda, abakora nka Cooper Wheelock na Gentex barimo kwibanda ku gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rikoresha uburyo bwo gupima ibintu bubiri hamwe n’imiterere y’amababa menshi mu bucuruzi, mu bubiko no mu miturire byemejwe n’Ishyirahamwe ry’Igihugu rishinzwe Kurinda Inkongi z’Umuriro (NFPA).
Gutinda kubona no guhamagara ibinyoma bishobora gutakaza ubuzima butandukanye ndetse n'imigabane y'ibigo. Kubera ko hakenewe uburyo bwo kumenya no kumenyesha vuba mu mazu y'ubucuruzi, inganda zikomeye nka Notifier na System Sensors ziri kwibanda ku gushyiramo imikorere y'ubwenge mu buryo bw'ubutabazi bw'inkongi y'umuriro. Hamwe n'imikorere y'ubwenge mu kumenyesha, imikorere y'ubutabazi bw'inkongi y'umuriro ishobora kumenyesha abari mu nzu, abashyitsi, n'abakozi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru y'ubutabazi bwihutirwa (EVAC). Byongeye kandi, ubu buryo buyobora abari mu nzu mu nzira yegereye yo gusohoka mu gihe cy'ubutabazi bwihutirwa.
Kugira ngo barusheho kunoza umwanya wabo ku isoko rihanganye, amasosiyete arimo kwibanda ku gutanga sisitemu zo gutahura inkongi zifite ibikoresho bitandukanye nka gaze na radiation monitors nyinshi hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kumenya imiterere y'ikirere rituma habaho imyuka yangiza n'umwotsi. Nanone, inganda zikomeye zirimo gushyiramo ibintu by'ubwenge bitanga ibikoresho nk'ibikoresho byo gushyiramo inzugi z'ubutabazi na sisitemu yo gusubizamo ascenseur y'ubutabazi kugira ngo abakiriya boroherezwe kandi batekane.
Mu nganda zitandukanye, ishyirwaho ry’uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru ku nkongi z’umuriro rikomeje kwibanda ku nyubako zo guturamo n’iz’ubucuruzi. Abubatsi n’abapima inyubako barimo kugenzura ko inyubako n’inyubako z’ubucuruzi bifite uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru ku nkongi z’umuriro bukora neza.
Abashakashatsi mu by'inyubako barimo gushyira mu bikorwa inyubako n'uburyo bwo gufata icyemezo cyo gushyiraho sisitemu zo gutanga amakuru ku nkongi z'umuriro mu turere impanuka zishobora kugaragaramo vuba kandi byoroshye. Byongeye kandi, abubatsi bari kwibanda ku gushyiraho sisitemu zo gutanga amakuru ku nkongi z'umuriro zishobora guhita zigaragara ku bigo bitanga amakuru ku nkongi z'umuriro mu gihe cyo kubona umwotsi cyangwa inkongi. Urugero, LifeShield, ikigo gitanga televiziyo cyatanze uburenganzira ku bikoresho byayo byo kugenzura umutekano w'umuriro bikorana n'ibikoresho bipima umwotsi bikoresha batiri ndetse n'ibikoresho bikoresha insinga. Iyo umuriro cyangwa umwotsi bibonetse, sisitemu yo gutanga amakuru ku nkongi y'umuriro ihita yohereza ibiro bitanga amakuru ku nkongi z'umuriro vuba.
Muri rusange, raporo y'ubushakashatsi ni isoko ry'amakuru n'ubumenyi ku isoko ry'ibikoresho byo gutanga amakuru ku nkongi z'umuriro. Abafatanyabikorwa ku isoko bashobora kwitega isesengura ry'ingirakamaro rishobora kubafasha gusobanukirwa ibintu bifatika muri uru rwego.
Ubu bushakashatsi bw’isesengura butanga isuzuma rusange ku isoko, mu gihe butanga amakuru y’ubuhanga mu mateka, ibitekerezo bifatika, n’iteganyagihe ry’isoko ryemejwe n’inganda kandi rishingira ku mibare. Isesengura ry’ibitekerezo n’uburyo byakoreshejwe mu gutegura ubu bushakashatsi bwuzuye. Amakuru n’isesengura ku bice by’ingenzi by’isoko byashyizwe muri raporo byatanzwe mu bice biremereye. Isesengura ryimbitse ryatanzwe na raporo kuri
Gukusanya amakuru y’ukuri n’ay’umwimerere, ibitekerezo bitangwa muri raporo bishingiye ku isuzumabumenyi ry’imibare n’ubuziranenge ryakozwe n’impuguke zikomeye mu nganda, n’ibitekerezo by’abayobozi b’ibitekerezo n’abitabiriye uruhererekane rw’agaciro. Ibintu bigena ubwiyongere bw’ubukungu, ibipimo by’ubukungu rusange, n’icyerekezo cy’isoko ry’ababyeyi byasuzumwe kandi bitangwa, hamwe n’ubwiza bw’isoko kuri buri gice cy’isoko. Ingaruka z’ubwiyongere bw’abagira uruhare mu iterambere ku bice by’isoko mu turere twose nabyo byagaragajwe na raporo.
Bwana Laxman Dadar ni umuhanga mu kwandika inyandiko z’ubushakashatsi ku mibare. Inyandiko ze n’inyandiko ze byakwirakwijwe mu nganda n’imbuga zikora ibintu bitandukanye. Ibyo akunda birimo inkuru mpimbano, inyigisho n’udushya.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-19-2019